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Visas, permits, immigration and citizenship

Every major Canadian immigration service, in one clear place.

Start with your goal—visit, work, study, immigrate permanently, seek protection, manage permanent-resident documents or apply for citizenship. Each section explains the main routes and links to the complete official instructions.

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01 — Complete service directory

Choose what you need to do.

This directory covers temporary residence, permanent residence, protection, citizenship and post-arrival services. Select a category to jump to its complete overview below.

Category 01

Visit Canada

Visitor visas, eTAs, super visas, business visits, transit and extensions.

Applications ongoing

Visitor visa (TRV)

For visa-required travellers visiting family, travelling as tourists or coming for another temporary purpose.

Official IRCC guide

Electronic travel authorization (eTA)

For eligible visa-exempt travellers flying to or transiting through Canada.

Official IRCC guide

Super visa

For eligible parents and grandparents seeking longer visits with a qualifying Canadian or permanent-resident host.

Official IRCC guide

Business visitor and transit

Covers qualifying short business activities, conferences, meetings and travel through Canada without entering the labour market.

Official IRCC guide

Extend a visit

A visitor record can extend or change visitor status; it is not a visa and does not guarantee re-entry.

Official IRCC guide
Official IRCC guide: Visit Canada

Category 02

Work in Canada temporarily

Employer-specific and open work permits, extensions, PGWP and employer processes.

Multiple active routes

Employer-specific work permit

Normally tied to a named employer, occupation, location and period. The employer may need an LMIA or an LMIA-exempt offer number.

Official IRCC guide

Open work permit

Available only under specific public policies or categories, such as certain spouses, graduates, vulnerable workers or PR applicants.

Official IRCC guide

PGWP and special work permits

Post-graduation, International Experience Canada, family-member and other categories have separate eligibility and evidence rules.

Official IRCC guide

Extend, change or restore status

Apply before expiry when possible. Maintained status and restoration have different rules and work authorization must be checked carefully.

Official IRCC guide

Canadian employers

LMIA, International Mobility Program offers, compliance fees and worker-recruitment rules belong to the employer side of the process.

Official IRCC guide
Official IRCC guide: Work in Canada temporarily

Category 03

Study in Canada

Study permits, DLIs, PAL/TAL or CAQ, extensions, student work and post-graduation options.

Applications ongoing

Prepare for a study permit

Most applicants need a valid letter of acceptance from a DLI, proof of funds and a PAL/TAL unless an exception applies; Québec usually also requires a CAQ.

Official IRCC guide

Choose and verify a DLI

School and program choice can affect study-permit processing and future PGWP eligibility.

Official IRCC guide

Minors, graduate students and special cases

Minor children, master’s and doctoral students, accompanying family and Francophone programs can have distinct instructions.

Official IRCC guide

Extend, restore or change schools

Expiry dates, restoration deadlines and the current rule for changing DLIs must be reviewed before making changes.

Official IRCC guide

Work during or after study

On-campus, off-campus, co-op and post-graduation work each have separate conditions.

Official IRCC guide
Official IRCC guide: Study in Canada

Category 04

Live in Canada permanently

Express Entry, provincial and regional programs, family sponsorship, Québec and special pathways.

Status varies by program

Economic immigration

Express Entry, provincial nomination, regional programs, Québec selection and occupation- or community-focused routes.

Family sponsorship

Spouses, partners, dependent children, parents, grandparents and certain other relatives follow different eligibility and undertaking rules.

Protection and humanitarian pathways

Protected persons, refugee resettlement and humanitarian applications are distinct from ordinary economic selection.

Business and special programs

Some programs are active, invitation-based, paused or closed. Current intake status matters before preparing an application.

Ghasedak complete guide

Complete permanent-residence program guides

Program status varies. Open each Ghasedak guide for eligibility, process, current status and direct official sources.

Official IRCC guide: Live in Canada permanently

Category 05

Refugees, asylum and protection

Asylum claims in Canada, refugee resettlement, private sponsorship, protected persons and support.

Case-specific; some streams paused

Claim asylum in Canada

Eligibility, referral to the IRB, evidence, deadlines and hearing procedures must be assessed for each claimant.

Official IRCC guide

Refugee resettlement from outside Canada

Government-assisted and privately sponsored resettlement are referral or sponsorship processes; they are not direct asylum applications.

Official IRCC guide

Private refugee sponsorship

Sponsorship Agreement Holders and other group categories have different intake rules; some categories may be paused.

Official IRCC guide

Protected persons and permanent residence

A person found to need protection may later apply for permanent residence through the protected-person process.

IFHP and settlement support

Eligible claimants, refugees and other protected groups may receive temporary federal health coverage and support services.

Official IRCC guide
Ghasedak complete guide: Refugees, asylum and protection Official IRCC guide: Refugees, asylum and protection

Category 06

Canadian citizenship

Eligibility, physical presence, applications, tests, ceremonies and proof of citizenship.

Applications ongoing

Become a Canadian citizen

Most adult grants require valid PR status, enough physical presence, tax filing where required and applicable language and knowledge requirements.

Official IRCC guide

Citizenship test, interview and ceremony

IRCC may require a test or interview, followed by an oath ceremony for approved grant applicants.

Citizenship for children

Minor grants and family applications have different signature, consent and eligibility rules.

Proof of citizenship

A citizenship certificate confirms citizenship but is not a passport or travel document.

Official IRCC guide

Citizenship by descent and other cases

Rules may depend on the parent’s citizenship history, the applicant’s date and place of birth and legislative changes.

Official IRCC guide: Canadian citizenship

Category 07

PR card and permanent-resident travel

First cards, renewals, replacements, corrections, urgent cases and return travel without a valid card.

Services ongoing

First PR card

New permanent residents normally receive a first card after completing landing and providing a Canadian address and compliant photo.

Renew or replace a PR card

Use the PR card process for expiring, expired, lost, stolen or damaged cards and for certain corrections.

Official IRCC guide

Permanent-resident travel document (PRTD)

A permanent resident outside Canada without a valid PR card may need a PRTD to return on a commercial carrier.

Official IRCC guide

Residency obligation

A card’s expiry does not itself end PR status, but card and PRTD applications can trigger review of the residency obligation.

Official IRCC guide: PR card and permanent-resident travel

Category 08

Canadian passports and travel documents

Adult and child passports, renewals, urgent service and travel documents for eligible non-citizens.

Services ongoing

Adult passport

Canadian citizens can apply for a first passport or renew an eligible passport using the applicable process.

Child passport

Children need their own passport; parentage, custody, consent, guarantor and supporting-document rules apply.

Lost, stolen, damaged or urgent passport

Replacement and urgent service require additional declarations, evidence and fees.

Refugee and other travel documents

Canada issues separate travel documents to certain protected persons, refugees and stateless permanent residents who qualify.

Official IRCC guide
Official IRCC guide: Canadian passports and travel documents

Category 09

Settling in Canada

Pre-arrival and newcomer services, language, employment, housing, health, taxes and community support.

Services available; eligibility varies

Pre-arrival and newcomer services

Eligible newcomers can access free orientation, referrals and settlement planning from funded organizations.

Language and employment

Language assessment and classes, résumé help, credential information and employment supports are available through different providers.

Essential documents and services

Newcomers may need to arrange a SIN, provincial health coverage, banking, housing, schooling and local identification.

Taxes, benefits and community support

Tax filing can affect benefits and credits. Eligibility for each service depends on status, residence and program rules.

Official IRCC guide: Settling in Canada

Category 10

International adoption

Provincial adoption requirements plus citizenship or immigration processing for an adopted child.

Case-by-case

Complete the adoption process

International adoption involves the child’s country and the Canadian province or territory where the adoptive parent lives.

Choose the immigration or citizenship route

Depending on the facts, parents may use the citizenship process or family sponsorship and permanent residence.

Child safeguards and documentation

Consent, best interests, identity, parentage, medical information and Hague Convention requirements may need verification.

Official IRCC guide: International adoption

Category 11

IRCC applications, forms and case updates

Accounts, forms, fees, status checks, processing times, document updates and the IRCC web form.

Online services available

Choose the correct application and account

Different programs use the IRCC Portal, secure account, PR Portal or a program-specific application system.

Forms, guides and document checklists

Always use the current form version and instruction guide for the selected program.

Official IRCC guide

Fees, biometrics and medical examinations

Required fees and examinations depend on the application category and the applicant’s circumstances.

Status, processing times and updates

Use official tools to check status and processing times; use the web form or assigned portal when an update is required.

Official IRCC guide
Official IRCC guide: IRCC applications, forms and case updates

Category 12

Inadmissibility, enforcement, appeals and fraud

Medical, criminal, security and misrepresentation issues, enforcement, appeals and fraud prevention.

Individual legal assessment required

Inadmissibility

Medical, criminal, security, financial, misrepresentation and non-compliance grounds have different tests and possible remedies.

Official IRCC guide

Rehabilitation and temporary resident permits

Some criminal-inadmissibility situations may involve deemed or individual rehabilitation, or a discretionary temporary resident permit.

Enforcement and appeals

Removal orders, detention reviews and immigration appeals have strict jurisdiction and deadline rules.

Fraud and authorized representatives

Verify that a paid representative is authorized, keep copies of submissions and report suspected immigration fraud.

Official IRCC guide
Official IRCC guide: Inadmissibility, enforcement, appeals and fraud

Important

A category page is a starting point—not an eligibility decision.

Visa, permit, protection and citizenship rules depend on personal facts, dates, status and supporting evidence. Confirm current instructions before filing.

Official IRCC guide

Your next step

Choose the route that fits your facts.

Visa, permit, protection and citizenship rules depend on personal facts, dates, status and supporting evidence. Confirm current instructions before filing.

Start free assessment